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You do need to know the baisics of omegaverse to understand this. There are already many "A/B/O for dummies/primers" out there, so if needed just ask in the comments and I'll send over some links. The following is stuff spesific to my worlds.
Alphas
Despite the Stereotype that all alphas are tall, alphas come in all sizes. Notably, Alpha men and women have the same height average. They are still the majority in most positions of power, earn the most money and reap the most career sucsess. The stereotype of the 'agressive alpha' is sensationalized, but not entirely untrue. Their other physical traits besides knots are extremely productive scent glands, which make their scents much stronger than the scent of a beta or unmated omega.
Both Female and male alphas have Penises, the only notable diffrence being a female alpha's Testes reside inside their bodies, usually they are a bit less hyperproductive when it comes to sperm. Furthermore, female alphas are more dominant on average than male. Whether this is caused by nature or nurture, science hasn't figured that out yeh.
Betas
Both their scent and their sense of smell are much more subdued than that of an alpha or omega. Exception being a presented but unmated omega, who will not normally be throwing scent. Betas can still tell moods and presentations out of scents, they simply need a stronger sample, or more concentration to do it.
Betas are very often in middle management, good at keeping teams of all presentations happy. Though they are known to be even temprered, there is no scientific evidence for this.
Betas have a rather tight hight range, with beta women from 160-170 cm and beta men 165-178 cm. They are the only presentation with such a diffrence between men and women.
Omegas
While often called the 'fairest sex', they can be quite fierce when provoked, especially if there is someone vulnerable they are protecting.
An unclamied omega's scent is often rather weak outside of their heats, an evolutionary failsafe to keep them safe from strange alphas. In extreme situations, Omega have been observed to throw a faux alpha scent to fend off attakers.
Female Omegas are much like betas physically, except that they begin to throw mated omega scent once they are bitten. Scientics believe this strenghtened 'beta faking' is due to their historical extreme vulnarability and the fact female omegas are on average the daintiest caste.
Male omegas are a a complete wildcard when it comes to height, much like Alphas. However, they rarely grow taller then 180 centimetres, and struggle with maintaining muscular builds.